EDUCTUM: Journal Research

The role of civics teachers in forming disciplined character in class XI students (case study of Al-Bukhary Vocational School)

Dian Syah Putra — 2026-03-01

This study aims to analyze the role of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) teachers in shaping the disciplined character of eleventh-grade students at Al-Bukhary Vocational School. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation of teachers and students. The results showed that PPKn teachers have a strategic role as inspirators, motivators, and role models in instilling discipline values through punctuality, compliance with school rules, and providing real-life examples of behavior. Forms of disciplinary violations found included being late to school, not attending ceremonies, truancy, wearing incomplete attributes, and irregular clothing. The main obstacles to developing disciplined character stem from low internal motivation in students, lack of family support, and negative social influences. Efforts made include providing advice, gradual guidance, implementing educational sanctions, and collaboration between teachers, parents, and the school. This study confirms that the formation of disciplined character does not only depend on the role of teachers, but requires synergy between the family, school, and community environments so that disciplined values can be instilled sustainably in students.

Progressive leadership in strengthening teacher professionalism at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Baturetno

Rochmah Wijayanti — 2026-03-01

This study aims to analyze the role of the principal's progressive leadership in strengthening teacher professionalism at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Baturetno. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with the principal and teachers, observations of learning activities and teacher collaborative forums, and documentation studies. Data analysis was carried out interactively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the progressive leadership implemented by the principal is reflected in participatory, humanistic, and empowerment-oriented leadership practices. The main strategies found include teacher involvement in decision-making, reflective learning mentoring, and support for innovation and collaboration between teachers. These practices contribute positively to increasing teacher commitment, responsibility, and courage in developing innovative and meaningful learning. This study concludes that teacher professionalism is not only built through formal supervision, but also through dialogic and collaborative leadership relationships. Progressive leadership can be an alternative model of school leadership in improving the quality of learning, especially in vocational schools based on Islamic values.

Failed persuasion: the linguistic dynamics of dpr’s public addresses and their role in escalating civil unrest

Vivi Novalia Sitinjak — 2026-03-03

This study examines the failure of political persuasion in public discourse by examining the language strategies used in statements by members of the Indonesian House of Representatives (DPR) during the civil unrest on August 25–28, 2025. Using a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach, this study analyzes how word choice, expressions of judgment, use of modality, and ideological positions in political speech actually fuel public anger rather than producing a persuasive effect. The research data includes verified public statements, media transcripts, and official quotations circulating during the escalation period. The results show that the failure of persuasion occurred due to a discursive mismatch between elite political narratives and the socio-economic conditions of society. These findings enrich the study of political discourse by viewing the failure of persuasion as a linguistic process influenced by power imbalances, lack of context sensitivity, and ideological differences.

Multiple affixations in ziggy zezsyazeoviennazabrizkie novel di tanah lada

Findi Manik — 2026-03-05

This study investigates the phenomenon of multiple derivational affixation in the novel Di Tanah Lada by Ziggy Zezsyazeoviennazabrizkie. The research aims to identify the types of multiple affixes used in the text and to analyze their morphotactic structure as well as the resulting shifts in word class and meaning. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method, with data collected through observation and note-taking from linguistic units found in the novel. The analysis is based on Aronoff’s word-based morphology theory and Lieber’s hierarchical structure theory to explain the layered formation of complex words. The findings reveal several patterns of multiple affixation, including prefixes (meN-, ber-, pe-, ter-), suffixes (-an, -kan, -i), and confixes (ke- -an and per- -an/pe- -an). Among these, confixes appear most frequently and function primarily to form abstract nouns expressing emotional or mental states. The analysis also demonstrates that multiple affixation contributes to categorical shifts and semantic expansion in the narrative. Overall, the study highlights how the flexibility of Indonesian derivational morphology enriches the expressive and narrative quality of literary texts.

The role of PPKN teachers in implementing the third Pancasila value in instilling an attitude of defending the country in class X students of SMA Negeri 2 Kajangan

Herman Sah Putra Sihombing — 2026-03-09

This study aims to analyze the role of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) teachers in implementing the third Pancasila value, namely the Unity of Indonesia, to instill a sense of national defense in grade X students of SMA Negeri 2 Pangkatan. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation involving PPKn teachers, principals, and students. The results of the study indicate that PPKn teachers have an important role as educators, role models, and facilitators in internalizing the values ??of unity and the attitude of national defense through contextual learning, national activities at school, and the habituation of nationalist attitudes. Despite facing obstacles such as low awareness of some students, the influence of digital culture, and limited time and learning resources, teachers continue to strive to instill the value of unity through various learning strategies and school activities. This study provides a scientific contribution by showing that internalizing the value of Unity of Indonesia in PPKn learning can strengthen students' national character through the integration of classroom learning and school culture.

Anti-bullying education from a human rights perspective in civics subjects at State Vocational High School 2 Kualuh Selatan

Putri Salsabila Azra Lubis — 2026-03-11

The phenomenon of bullying in schools is a serious problem that impacts the psychological well-being and character development of students. Therefore, anti-bullying education based on Human Rights (HAM) values ??needs to be integrated into the learning process, especially in the Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) subject. This study aims to describe the implementation of anti-bullying education from a human rights perspective in PPKn learning at SMK Negeri 2 Kualuh Selatan. The study used a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the implementation of anti-bullying learning was carried out through three main stages: planning, implementation, and evaluation of learning. Teachers integrated human rights values ??into learning tools and applied discussion methods, simulations, and anti-bullying campaign projects to foster empathy and social awareness in students. Supporting factors for implementation include school commitment, teacher role models, and collaboration between school parties, while inhibiting factors include limited learning time, lack of teacher training, and low awareness of some students. Overall, human rights-based civics learning has the potential to be effective in internalizing anti-bullying values ??and creating a school culture that is safe, inclusive, and respects human dignity.

Progressive leadership paradigm in strengthening the implementation of the tri dharma of higher education lecturers: a conceptual study

Maharani Fadhiyah Haifani — 2026-03-11

The implementation of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education is a fundamental mandate for lecturers that requires the support of adaptive and transformative academic leadership. However, higher education leadership practices still tend to be administratively and bureaucratically oriented, which may limit the optimization of lecturers’ roles in teaching, research, and community service. This article aims to conceptually examine the paradigm of progressive leadership in strengthening lecturers’ implementation of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. The method employed is a conceptual study through critical analysis of the literature on higher education leadership and Tri Dharma policies. The findings indicate that progressive leadership plays a crucial role in empowering lecturers, fostering a collaborative academic climate, and integrating teaching, research, and community service as a unified academic endeavor. The conceptual implications of this study emphasize that the development of higher education leadership should be directed toward adaptive, participatory, and quality-sustainability–oriented approaches in higher education.

The influence of the formation of national spirit character in increasing the nationalistic attitude of class XI 3 students of Kemala Bhayangkari Rantauprapat private high school

Mutia Sipahutar — 2026-03-13

This study aims to determine the influence of character formation in fostering the spirit of nationalism on the nationalistic attitudes of Grade XI-3 students at SMA Swasta Kemala Bhayangkari Rantauprapat. This research employs a quantitative approach using a simple linear regression method. The population in this study consists of all Grade XI students of SMA Swasta Kemala Bhayangkari Rantauprapat, while the sample comprises 29 students from class XI-3. Data were collected through a questionnaire using a Likert scale, and the results were analyzed using the SPSS version 22 software. The findings show that the formation of national spirit character has a positive and significant effect on students’ nationalism attitudes. This is evidenced by the regression coefficient value of 0.716, a t-value of 6.322, and a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. The R Square value of 0.571 indicates that the formation of national spirit character contributes 57.1% to the improvement of students’ nationalism attitudes, while the remaining 42.9% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. Thus, the better the implementation of national spirit character formation through learning activities, teacher role modeling, and school programs, the higher the level of students’ nationalism attitudes. This study emphasizes the importance of character education programs in schools as an effort to shape young generations who are nationalistic, have integrity, and possess a strong sense of national identity.

The influence of the formation of national spirit character in increasing the nationalistic attitude of class XII students at Kemala Bhayangkari Rantauprapat Private Senior High School

Khoirun Nisa — 2026-03-13

This study aims to determine the influence of character building in the spirit of nationalism on the nationalistic attitudes of twelfth-grade students at Kemala Bhayangkari Private Senior High School Rantauprapat. The research employed a quantitative approach using a simple linear regression method. The population consisted of all twelfth-grade students of Kemala Bhayangkari Private Senior High School Rantauprapat, with a total sample of 60 students selected through a saturated sampling technique. The data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The results of the analysis show that character building in the spirit of nationalism has a positive and significant effect on students’ nationalistic attitudes. Based on the regression test results, the correlation coefficient (R) was 0.799 and the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.639, indicating that 63.9% of the variation in students’ nationalistic attitudes is explained by character building in the spirit of nationalism, while the remaining 36.1% is influenced by other factors outside this study. The constant (a) was 9.270 and the regression coefficient (b) was 0.786, indicating that every one-unit increase in the variable of character building in the spirit of nationalism leads to a 0.786 increase in students’ nationalistic attitudes. The stronger the implementation of character building in the spirit of nationalism at school, the higher the level of students’ nationalistic attitudes. Therefore, teachers and school administrators should consistently integrate national values into learning activities, extracurricular programs, and the overall school culture.

The principal's leadership in implementing Pancasila character education in the environment of State Senior High School (SMA) 1 NA IX X

Khairunnisa Khairunnisa — 2026-03-13

This study aims to describe the leadership of the principal in implementing Pancasila character education within the environment of SMA Negeri 1 NA IX X. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The results show that the principal of SMA Negeri 1 NA IX X applies transformational and participative leadership styles that emphasize exemplary behavior, openness, and humanistic communication. The principal plays an active role in instilling Pancasila values through various school activities. The strategies used include character-based planning according to students’ needs, integration of Pancasila values into the curriculum and extracurricular activities, as well as regular supervision and evaluation of character education programs. In addition, the principal establishes cooperation with teachers, parents, and the school committee to strengthen the sustainable implementation of character education. Supporting factors in implementing character education at this school include the strong commitment of the principal and teachers, a conducive school culture, and support from parents and the community. Inhibiting factors include the negative influence of social media, limited time for teachers to integrate character values into learning, and differences in students’ levels of awareness of Pancasila values. Overall, the findings confirm that the principal’s leadership plays a crucial role in building a school culture grounded in Pancasila character through exemplary conduct, collaboration, and innovation in educational management.

The role of civics learning in fostering a spirit of mutual cooperation among class XI students of Albukhory Rantauprapat Private Vocational School

Adek Adek — 2026-03-13

This study aims to describe the implementation of Civic Education (PPKn) learning in fostering the attitude of mutual cooperation among Grade XI students at SMK Swasta Albukhory Rantau Prapat. The research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving PPKn teachers, Grade XI students, the vice principal for curriculum affairs, and homeroom teachers as informants. Data analysis followed the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model, consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the implementation of PPKn learning was systematically designed through collaborative activities, group discussions, and small projects that encouraged positive interaction among students. Teachers played a crucial role as facilitators, guides, and role models in instilling the value of gotong royong. Field observations indicated changes in students’ behavior, including increased participation in discussions, mutual assistance, and improved teamwork in completing group assignments. Supporting factors that strengthened the implementation included an established school culture of collective activities, harmonious student relationships, and support from cocurricular programs. Meanwhile, several obstacles were identified, such as differences in student character, limited instructional time, and classroom conditions that were less conducive to collaborative activities. Overall, PPKn learning significantly contributed to fostering students’ gotong royong attitudes, although its implementation still requires improvement through methodological innovation, more systematic instructional planning, and stronger support from the school environment.

The influence of the problem based learning (PBL) learning model on the learning outcomes of PPKN students in class X of private high schools Has Sepakat

Mahya Azhari — 2026-03-13

This study investigates the effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on improving students’ learning outcomes in Civic Education (PPKn). The research was motivated by the tendency of PPKn learning in schools to remain dominated by teacher-centered and rote-based approaches, which limit students’ critical thinking and problem-solving skills. PBL is considered a relevant alternative because it emphasizes real-life problems, collaborative learning, and active student engagement. This experimental study employed a one-group pretest–posttest design involving 32 eighth-grade students. Data were collected using learning outcome tests and analyzed through paired sample t-tests to determine the significance of the improvement, followed by Cohen’s d to measure the effect size. The results indicate a significant increase in students’ learning outcomes after the implementation of PBL. The paired t-test shows t = 4.88 with p = 0.000, indicating statistical significance at the 0.05 level. The increase in the mean score was 8.65 points. The effect size calculation reveals a Cohen’s d value of 1.11, categorized as a very large effect, demonstrating that PBL strongly influences improvements in students’ PPKn learning outcomes.

The impact of the five-day school policy on the psychological aspects of students, social development and learning motivation of class XI high school students in Pematangsiantar City

Berthalia Elisabeth Purba — 2026-03-18

The five-day school policy was implemented to improve the effectiveness of learning and student learning time management, but its implementation has the potential to impact student conditions. This study aims to analyze the impact of the five-day school policy on the psychological aspects, social development, and learning motivation of eleventh-grade high school students in Pematang Siantar City simultaneously. The study used a mixed methods method with a quantitative and qualitative approach, where quantitative data were obtained through questionnaires to 98 students and analyzed using multivariate regression, while qualitative data were obtained through interviews as supporting data. The results of the study indicate that the five-day school policy does not have a simultaneous impact on the psychological aspects, social development, and learning motivation of students. Therefore, evaluation and adjustment of the policy are needed so that its implementation continues to support student welfare and needs.

The effect of readability to the students' ability in reading comprehension at grade XI of private high school on Nommensen campus

Cevhin Devhin Simarmata — 2026-03-18

This study aims to analyze the effect of using the Readable application on the reading comprehension ability of eleventh grade students at Nommensen Campus Private High School. This study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design involving 50 students, consisting of an experimental class and a control class. Data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests, then analyzed using an independent sample t-test. The results showed that the use of the Readable application had a significant effect on improving students' reading comprehension ability, with a significance value of 0.000 (less than 0.05). In addition, the experimental class showed a higher increase in learning outcomes than the control class. Thus, the Readable application can be used as an effective learning medium in improving students' reading comprehension ability.